{"id":724,"date":"2022-02-09T11:25:06","date_gmt":"2022-02-09T11:25:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/?page_id=724"},"modified":"2026-05-15T11:52:49","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T10:52:49","slug":"braille","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/ways-of-communicating\/braille\/","title":{"rendered":"Braille"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"is-style-intro\">This page explains what braille is, who uses it, how you can start to learn it and why it\u2019s called braille.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1.jpg\" alt=\"A close up of braille on a white page, with three fingers reading it\" class=\"wp-image-727\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-450x225.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-900x450.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-350x175.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/braille-1024x512-1-600x300.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is braille?&nbsp;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Braille is a way&nbsp;of writing that can be read by touch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In braille, letters and numbers are made up of a rectangle with six dots in two columns. Each letter and number uses a different pattern of raised dots.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Who uses braille?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you are blind or have sight loss, you can use braille, which means you read by touch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Not all people with sight impairments use braille. And many people without sight impairments learn braille to support others. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With braille, you can actively write and read \u2013 and there are plenty of braille magazines and books to choose from in braille.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can play a range of card games in braille, and use labels made with braille to join in other games and activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n  <div class=\"wp-block  box    is-style-textured-grey-tint-10\">    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Before you read on\u2026<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li><strong>You can communicate using a mix of different ways (we all do!)<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>At Sense, we use whatever combination of speech, touch, sign or visual language works best<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>It\u2019s never too late to start<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Have a go and don\u2019t worry about getting it wrong<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How can I start to learn braille?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The best way you can learn braille is from a qualified teacher on a properly structured course.<\/p>\n\n\n\n  <div class=\"wp-block  box    is-style-textured-secondary-tint-10  align-right  size-medium\">    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How Sense can help<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We offer free and impartial information about living with complex needs, including deafblindness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/ask-us-for-help\/\">Get in touch by phone, email, post or through a BSL interpreter<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<p>There are two grades of braille:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-secondary-bullets\">\n<li><strong>Uncontracted braille, which used to be called Grade 1: <\/strong>this is a straight translation from print, including letters, numbers and punctuation marks.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contracted braille, which used to be called Grade 2: <\/strong>this has special signs for combinations of letters, such as \u201csh\u201d and \u201cing\u201d, and common words, such as \u201cthe\u201d and \u201cfor\u201d. You can read it faster and it makes braille documents about 25% smaller.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>RNIB<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The RNIB offers a range of courses, training sessions and other resources for children, young people and adults.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rnib.org.uk\/braille-and-moon-tactile-codes\/learning-braille\/braille-courses-adults\">Courses for adults<\/a>&nbsp;include contracted and uncontracted braille for touch and sighted learners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rnib.org.uk\/living-with-sight-loss\/education-and-learning\/braille-tactile-codes\/braille-for-children-young-people-and-families\/\">Courses for children and young people<\/a>&nbsp;include contracted and uncontracted braille.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.rnib.org.uk\/living-with-sight-loss\/education-and-learning\/education-for-younger-children\/learning-with-complex-needs\/\">Learning with complex needs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>To find out more, talk to your child&#8217;s Qualified Teacher of Visual Impairment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sight Scotland\/the Royal Blind School&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sightscotland.org.uk\/articles\/information-and-advice\/what-braille\">The Royal Blind School<\/a>&nbsp;teaches braille to children and young people who are blind or have sight loss.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pupils start to learn braille on a pre-braille programme designed to meet individual pupil needs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>They then go on to learn braille through a braille reading scheme. They learn to write, first using a braille typewriter and then digital electronic braille devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n  <div class=\"wp-block  box    is-style-textured-grey-tint-10\">    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Braille machines and notetakers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also find out more about braille machines and notetakers from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/livingmadeeasy.org.uk\/category\/communicating\/braille-and-moon\/braille-machines-and-note-takers\">Living Made Easy.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Reading and creating braille<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can link a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rnib.org.uk\/sight-loss-advice\/technology-and-useful-products\/technology-resource-hub-latest-facts-tips-and-guides\/braille-displays-and-notetakers\">braille display<\/a>&nbsp;to a computer to read what is on the screen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With a portable&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/shop.rnib.org.uk\/braille-and-labelling\/writing-braille\/frames-and-styles\">hand-frame<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/shop.rnib.org.uk\/technology\/note-taking-and-embossers\/braille-notetakers?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIwbCO5PHf8QIVTJ7tCh22jwaxEAAYASAAEgK6FPD_BwE\">notetaker<\/a>, you can produce braille manually.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also produce braille using a computer with translation software and a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/shop.rnib.org.uk\/braille-and-labelling\/writing-braille\/braillers\">desktop brailler<\/a>&nbsp;printer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you\u2019ve installed braille translation software on your computer, you might already have a braille font.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The most commonly used braille translation software is Duxbury Braille Translator. It is available in the UK from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sightandsound.co.uk\/product\/duxbury-braille-translator\/\">Sight and Sound Technology<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.visionaid.co.uk\/duxbury-braille-translator\">Vision Aid<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Check for braille in the font list in your word processing software, such as Microsoft Word. On a Mac, look also in the Font Book software.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li>Find out more about&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/support.microsoft.com\/en-us\/windows\/chapter-8-using-narrator-with-braille-3e5f065b-1c9d-6eb2-ec6d-1d07c9e94b20\">downloading, installing and using braille in Microsoft Word for Windows.<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Find out about&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/en-gb\/guide\/voiceover\/vo15607\/mac\">using braille displays with VoiceOver on Mac<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>If you don\u2019t have a braille font, you can download one from the internet. There are lots to choose from, many of them free. But remember, as with everything else, anything you download for free from the internet is at your own risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\t<div class=\"wp-block-hs-group  align-full\">\t\t<div class=\"wrap\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading is-style-title-primary\">Learn how to spell your name in braille:<\/h2>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller\" id=\"AtoZSpeller\">\n\t\n\t\t<div id=\"AtoZSpeller__wrapper\" class=\"AtoZSpeller__wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"AtoZSpeller__alphabet\" class=\"AtoZSpeller__wrapper\">\n\n\t\t\t\t<details class=\"accordion__item  box--textured-grey-tint-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"accordion__title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"accordion__toggle  h5\">View the complete braille alphabet<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion__content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letters\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-a\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>A<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/a.png\" alt=\"The letter A in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-b\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>B<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/b.png\" alt=\"The letter B in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-c\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>C<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/c.png\" alt=\"The letter C in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-d\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>D<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/d.png\" alt=\"The letter D in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-e\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>E<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/e.png\" alt=\"The letter E in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-f\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>F<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/f.png\" alt=\"The letter F in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-g\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>G<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/g.png\" alt=\"The letter G in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-h\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>H<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/h.png\" alt=\"The letter H in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-i\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>I<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/i.png\" alt=\"The letter I in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-j\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>J<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/j.png\" alt=\"The letter J in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-k\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>K<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/k.png\" alt=\"The letter K in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-l\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>L<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/l.png\" alt=\"The letter L in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-m\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>M<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/m.png\" alt=\"The letter M in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-n\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>N<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/n.png\" alt=\"The letter N in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-o\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>O<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/o.png\" alt=\"The letter O in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-p\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>P<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/p.png\" alt=\"The letter P in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-q\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Q<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/q.png\" alt=\"The letter Q in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-r\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>R<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/r.png\" alt=\"The letter R in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-s\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>S<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/s.png\" alt=\"The letter S in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-t\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>T<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/t.png\" alt=\"The letter T in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-u\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>U<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/u.png\" alt=\"The letter U in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-v\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>V<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/v.png\" alt=\"The letter V in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-w\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>W<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/w.png\" alt=\"The letter W in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>X<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/x.png\" alt=\"The letter X in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-y\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Y<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/y.png\" alt=\"The letter Y in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"AtoZSpeller__letter\" id=\"AtoZSpeller__letter-z\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>Z<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/themes\/sense-uk\/assets\/img\/braille\/z.png\" alt=\"The letter Z in braille\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\n\n\t\t\t<\/div> <!-- end #AtoZSpeller__alphabet -->\n\t\t<\/div> <!-- end #AtoZSpeller__wrapper -->\n\n\t\t\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block  slab    is-style-textured-primary-tint-10  align-full\">\n  <div class=\"wrap\">  <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why is it called braille?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A French man called&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Louis-Braille\">Louis Braille<\/a>&nbsp;(1809\u201352) lost his sight through a childhood accident. In 1824, he developed the braille code, aged just 15.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It was only after his death that braille was adopted as the preferred writing system for blind people in France.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It eventually spread to other countries. In 1870, it was adopted in Britain, and a universal braille code for English was created in 1932.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Unified English Braille<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unified English Braille (UEB) is now used in all major English-speaking countries in the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Unified English Braille (UEB) is easier to learn than Standard English Braille (SEB), which we officially stopped using in 2016.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With UEB, we no longer need specialist braille codes for mathematics, science and languages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We do still need specialist braille codes for music and chess.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rnib.org.uk\/practical-help\/reading\/braille-and-moon-tactile-codes\/braille-music\">Find out more about music braille codes<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ukaaf.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Braille-chess-code-and-layout-UEB.pdf\">more about chess braille codes.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Find out more about UEB guidelines, standards and resources, including Welsh and Irish language braille, from the&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ukaaf.org\/standards\/#braille\">UK Association for Accessible Formats<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n  <div class=\"wp-block  box    is-style-textured-blue-tint-10  align-center\">    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Types of communication<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>These are the main ways of communicating that we use:<\/p>\n\n\n\t\n\t\t<ul class=\"iconList  iconList--columns  iconList--big\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"iconList__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Touching an object\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB-450x450.png 450w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_touch_Orange_RGB.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__content\"><p><b>Using touch<\/b><\/p>\n<ul class=\"is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/deafblind-manual\/\">Deafblind Manual<\/a>\u00a0spells words on to your hand.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/block-alphabet\/\">Block alphabet<\/a>\u00a0spells letters on to your hand.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/moon\/\">Moon<\/a> uses raised lines, curves and dots to touch.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/tadoma\/\">Tadoma<\/a> uses lipreading by touch.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/hand-under-hand-signing\/\">Hand-under-hand signing<\/a>\u00a0using touch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"iconList__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Two hands signing\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB-450x450.png 450w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/communication_sign_hands_Orange_RGB.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__content\"><p><b>Using signs<\/b><\/p>\n<ul class=\"is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/sign-language\/\">Sign language<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/makaton\/\">Makaton<\/a>, a simpler version of sign language.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/visual-frame-signing\/\">Visual frame signing<\/a>\u00a0for people with reduced vision.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/objects-of-reference\/\">Objects of reference.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"iconList__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Speech bubble\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB-450x450.png 450w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/voice_speech_bubble_2_Orange_RGB.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__content\"><p><b>Using speech<\/b><\/p>\n<ul class=\"is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/clear-speech\/\">Clear speech.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/lipreading\/\">Lipreading.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"iconList__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-150x150.png\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"An orange paint brush mark illustration of a sign post pointing in different directions, representing choices.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-450x450.png 450w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Choices-sign_Orange_PNG_RGB.png 1201w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" style=\"object-position: 50% 50%;\" \/> \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"iconList__content\"><p><b>Also<\/b><\/p>\n<ul class=\"is-style-primary-bullets\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/non-formal-communication\/\">Non-formal communication<\/a>\u00a0without speaking, writing or signing.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/information-and-advice\/communication\/intensive-interaction\/\">Intensive Interaction<\/a> treating everything as communication.\/snipp<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>How Sense can help<br \/>\nWe offer free and impartial information about living with complex disabilities, including deafblindness.<\/p>\n<p>Get in touch by phone, email, post or through a BSL interpreter.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\n\t\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-hs-snippet \">\n\n\t\n  <div class=\"wp-block  box    is-style-textured-pink-tint-10  size-medium\">    <div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stay in touch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"A woman and her son lie on the floor, reading a book. The mother, Sarah, is smiling. The boy, Harry, who has blue glasses and an orange t-shirt on, is concentrating on the book.\" class=\"wp-image-1512\"\/ style=\"object-position: 49.95% 35.13%;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-450x300.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-1050x700.jpg 1050w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-900x600.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-350x233.jpg 350w, https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/ths-sense-harry-sarah-storyteller-13337-scaled-1600x1067.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Join over 100,000 people getting news about our vital work. Sign up to our mailing list and recieve updates including volunteering, making a donation or supporting Sense campaigns.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-primary\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sense.org.uk\/sign-up-for-our-emails\/\">Sign up today<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n\n\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\t<div class=\"wp-block-hs-group  no-print\">\t\t<div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\nvar gform;gform||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>\"function\"==typeof 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